About this Blog

During the semester, I shall post course material and students will comment on it. Students are also free to comment on any aspect of the presidency, either current or historical. There are only two major limitations: no coarse language, and no derogatory comments about people at the Claremont Colleges.

The course syllabus is at
http://www.claremontmckenna.edu/pages/faculty/JPitney/gov102-14.html

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Friday, January 16, 2026

CMC Presidency Syllabus Spring 2026

Gov 102 Syllabus Fall 2025

DRAFT: SUBJECT TO CHANGE

American Presidency
CMC Government 102 Spring 2026
MW 11 AM - 12:15 PM
Roberts North 15

J.J. Pitney
Office: Kravis 232


Student Hours
  • Monday and Wednesday, 1-2 PM, and whenever I am in my office and not looking grumpy.
  • If these times are inconvenient, just make an appointment for an in-person or Zoom meeting.
Purpose of the Course

Few offices shape American life more than the presidency, and few have changed more radically. Recent presidents have stretched executive power in ways that would have surprised the Framers, while Congress, the courts, and the bureaucracy have responded unevenly. Executive orders, emergency powers, polarization, social media, and nonstop crises have transformed how presidents govern and how the public judges them. This course equips you to move beyond partisan reactions and social media narratives, giving you the analytical tools to understand what presidents can do, what they should do, and what the future of the office may hold.

This course will pose these questions:
  • How does the Constitution both empower and restrain the president?
  • How do the decisions and reputations of past presidents affect the choices of their successors?
  • How and why has power shifted between the White House and Congress?
  • How do presidents manage aides and agencies?
  • What does it take to win and keep the presidency?
  • How do presidents make high-stakes decisions on war, diplomacy, and domestic policy?
  • And where is the American presidency headed next?
By the end of the course, you should be able to analyze presidential power with precision, skepticism, and historical perspective, and to see beyond headlines to the institutional forces at work.

Classes

Class meetings combine lecture and discussion. Come prepared: completing the readings before class is essential, since discussion will assume familiarity with them.

We will also regularly connect course material to breaking news, so you should follow a high-quality daily news source such as Axios or Politico. Presidential power does not operate in a vacuum, and neither will this course.

Blog

Our class blog is at https://gov102.blogspot.com/. I will post videos, graphs, news stories, and supplemental material there throughout the semester. Some of this content will come up in class; the rest is there to deepen your understanding at your own pace.

You will receive an invitation to post on the blog (let me know if you don’t). I strongly encourage you to use it to:

  • Raise questions or comments about the readings before we discuss them in class;
  • Extend or challenge points from class discussions;
  • Share relevant news stories, data, or videos about Congress

Think of the blog as an extension of the classroom.

Grades

Your course grade will have these components:
  • Two four-page essays — 20% each
  • One three-page essay — 15%
  • One six-page essay — 30%
  • Participation and weekly reflections — 15%
The papers will sharpen your research, analytical, and writing skills. Writing quality matters. In grading, I will apply the principles of Strunk and White’s The Elements of Style. If you object to this standard, you should not take this course -- or any other course I teach.

In addition to the assigned readings, I may distribute documents, data, and links related to current events or background material. Your papers may draw on and analyze these sources.

Participation includes both in-class and online engagement. I will call on students at random. Frequent absences or lack of preparation will affect your grade. The goal is not to catch you unprepared, but to hone your ability to think clearly and respond effectively under pressure.  This skill matters far beyond college.

Finally, by Thursday of each week, you will email me a brief reflection (no more than 250 words) responding to the readings and class discussions. These reflections will help you process the material and develop your own analytical voice.


Details
Required Book

  • George C. Edwards III, Kenneth R. Mayer, Stephen J. Wayne, Presidential Leadership: Politics and Policy Making, 13th ed. (Rowman and Littlefield/Bloomsbury, 2025).

 Also see links on my Presidency page.

Schedule (subject to change, with notice)

Jan 21:  Introduction

"Do not put your trust in princes, in human beings, who cannot save." -- Psalm 146:3.

Jan 26, 28: Presidential Power

Hamilton: Mr. President, they will say you’re weak...
Washington: No, they will see we’re strong...
Hamilton: Your position is so unique...
Washington: So I’ll use it to move them along.
-- Lin-Manuel Miranda, "One Last Time," in Hamilton

Feb 2, 4:  Sprinting Through Presidential History, Part I

"Viewed from the genuine abolition ground, Mr. Lincoln seemed tardy, cold, dull, and indifferent; but measuring him by the sentiment of his country, a sentiment he was bound as a statesman to consult, he was swift, zealous, radical, and determined." -- Frederick Douglass

Four-page paper assigned Feb 4, due Feb 20.
Read Strunk and White first.

Feb 9, 11:  Sprinting Through Presidential History, Part II

"Franklin Roosevelt was the first President I ever voted for, the first to serve in my lifetime that I regarded as a hero, and the first I ever actually saw."  - Ronald Reagan
  • William Leuchtenberg, In the Shadow of FDR, 4th ed. (Cornell University Press, 2009), excerpts.  ON CANVAS.
  • Eisenhower's 1961 farewell address
  • Gregory Frame, "The Myth of John F. Kennedy in Film and Television," Film & History (Winter 2016).  ON CANVAS.
  • Douglas E. Schoen, The Nixon Effect: How Richard Nixon's Presidency Fundamentally Changed American Politics (New York: Encounter, 2016), excerpts ON CANVAS.

Feb 16, 18: Presidential Selection 

"It’s not the voting that’s democracy; it’s the counting." -- Tom Stoppard

  • Edwards, ch. 3-4.

Feb 23, 25: The Public Presidency I

"ACTION IS CHARACTER." -- F. Scott Fitzgerald

Four-page essay assigned Feb 23, due Mar 13.

Mar 2, 4:  The Public Presidency II

"We once wrote, `This nation will prepare.  We will not live in fear.  We choose to fight them there, so we don't have to fight them here,' only to read it aloud and realize it sounded less like Winston Churchill than Dr. Seuss." -- Matthew Scully, on writing for George W. Bush

  • Edwards, ch. 6-7.
Mar. 9, 11: The Structure of the Presidency

"All vice presidents eat enormous bowls of feces. That's the job." -- Jonah Goldberg (P `25)
  • Edwards, ch. 8-9.

    Mar  16: 18: Spring Break


    Mar 23, 25:  The Executive Branch


    "[The] first opinion which one forms of a prince, and of his understanding, is by observing the men he has around him; and when they are capable and faithful he may always be considered wise, because he has known how to recognize the capable and to keep them faithful. But when they are otherwise one cannot form a good opinion of him, for the prime error which he made was in choosing them. -- Machiavelli

    • Edwards, ch. 10.
    Mar 30, Apr 1:  The President and Congress

    "If Donald Trump says 'Jump three feet high and scratch your heads,' we all jump three feet high and scratch our heads." -- Rep. Troy Nehls (R-TX)

    Apr 6, 8 Judiciary and Civil Rights

    "[T]he data suggests that in the 13 appellate courts, there is increasingly such a thing as a Trump judge. The president’s appointees voted to allow his policies to take effect 133 times and voted against them only 12 times. Ninety-two percent of their total votes were in favor of the administration." -- Mattathias Schwartz and Emma Schartz, NY Times

    • Edwards, ch. 12
    Six-page paper due April 17.

    Apr 13, 15Foreign Policy and National Security I

    President Obama: “On all these issues, but particularly missile defense, this, this can be solved but it’s important for him to give me space… This is my last election. After my election I have more flexibility.”
    President Medvedev: “I understand. I will transmit this information to Vladimir.”–Exchange between President Obama and Dmitri Medvedev, on hot mic, March 26, 2012

    Three-page paper assigned Apr 20, 
    due by May 6

    Apr 20, 22: Foreign Policy and National Security II

    General Anthony Brady: "We've already lost one American city, sir. How many more do you want to risk?"
    POTUS: "What kind of f------ question is that? That's insanity, okay?"
    General Anthony Brady: "No, Mister President. That's reality." -- from A House Full of Dynamite
    Apr 27, 29: Domestic and Economic Policy

    "You don’t ever want a crisis to go to waste; it’s an opportunity to do important things that you would otherwise avoid." -- Rahm Emanuel
    • Edwards, ch. 13,

    May 4, 6: The Future of the Presidency

    "You don't have to be old in America to say of a world you lived in, that world is gone." -- Peggy Noonan

    • Readings on recent presidential action, TBA

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